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La Calzada romana

» La Calzada romana
Dirección:
Segovia
Descripción:

La red de calzadas fue un importante pilar de cohesión del Imperio Romano, facilitando los desplazamientos y avance de las tropas entre las provincias, permitiendo la ocupación, el control administrativo y económico del territorio y romanizando los territorios conquistados. La calzada romana que pasa por el Puerto de la Fuenfría, fue construida en el siglo I a. C. para comunicar Segovia con las poblaciones del Sur de la Sierra de Guadarrama. Forma parte de La Vía no XXIV del ITINERARIO DE ANTONINO que unía las ciudades de Mérida y Caesar Augusta (Zaragoza).

Muy utilizada hasta la construcción de los nuevos puertos de Navacerrada y Guadarrama en el siglo XVII. Fue paso obligado de los cortejos reales hacia los palacios de Valsaín, La Granja y Riofrío, lo que motivó obras de mantenimiento.
La calzada romana parte de Baterías, al sur de la ciudad de Segovia, siguiendo la cañada del Cordel de santillana atraviesa el piedemonte de la Sierra (pasando por el canal subterráneo del Acueducto de Segovia). Remonta la Sierra por el camino más favorable posible hasta el Puerto de La Fuenfría (1.796 m) y desciende por la vertiente Sur hasta el pueblo madrileño de Cercedilla

 

calzada

Ficha técnica:

  • Inicio de la ruta: Km 6 de la Carretera de la Granja al Palacio de Riofrio
  • Fin de la ruta: Km 6 de la Carretera de la Granja al Palacio de Riofrio
  • Longitud de la Ruta: 29,6 km (Subida y bajada al puerto de Fuenfria)
  • Duración de la Ruta: 9-10 h (andando), 4-5 h (bici de montaña)
  • Desnivel de la Ruta: 1.140 m (Carretera al palacio de Riofrio) 1.796 (Puerto de Fuenfria)
  • Interés de la Ruta: Histórico-Cultural, natural y paisajistico.
  • Epoca Recomendada: Primavera, verano y otoño (En invierno se requiere equipo y vestimenta para la nieve y el frio).
  • Dificultad: Imprescindible estar preparado/a para largos recorridos de media montaña, la ruta se realiza por Calzada y pista forestal asfaltada.

Accesos a la ruta

  • En vehiculo privado: el inicio de la ruta se encuentra a 11 km de Segovia capital, en la carretera de la Granja al Palacio de Riofrio (km 6). Se toma esta carretera desde la 601 (Segovia-La Granja), pocos metros antes de cruzar el puente sobre el rio Eresma (Embalse del ponton Alto)

 

 

 Información de interés:

Larga excursión de toda la jornada: llevar picnic.

  • PRECAUCIONES: No encender fuego, la mayor parte del recorrido transcurre por bosque de pino silvestre.
  • AGUA: Es aconsejable llevar algo de agua. Podremas saciar la sed en los manantiales que nos encontraremos en la ruta.
  • ALOJAMIENTO RURAL: en La Granja y Valsaín.

* OTRAS ACTIVIDADES: Recorrido muy recomendable para realizarlo en bicicleta de montaña. Montañismo invernal y esquí de fondo y de travesía (siempre que se dispongan de las condiciones físicas y equipo adecuados).

*PLANOS TOPOGRAFIC. 1:50.000: Segovia (483) y Cercedílla (508)

Descripción:

  • Km. O La ruta se inicia en la base de la Sierra Segoviana, al pie del Cerro de Matabueyes, en la confluencia de la calzada romana y el Cordel de Santillana (que vienen desde Segovia capital), con la carretera de la granja al Palacio de Riofrío (km. 6).
  • Km. 0.4 Punto 1 Se atraviesa la Cañada Real Soriano Occidental o de la Vera de la Sierra.
  • Km. 1.1 Punto 2 El Cordel de Santillana nos lleva hasta las ruinas del rancho esquileo de Santillana, donde se situó una antigua venta citada en itinerarios desde el siglo XVI.
  • Km. 2.1 Punto 3 En la Fuente de San Pedro podremos tomar un buen trago de agua fresca y contemplar las vistas, entre otras cumbres se divisa la emblemática Sierra de La Mujer Muerta.
  • Km. 3 Punto 4 Seguimos por la ladera del Cerro Matabueyes ya unos 800 m nos desviamos hacia el SO. Este tramo de la Calzada no esta bien marcado, pero en el terreno quedan unas huellas de una terraza por donde debió discurrir esta, en el punto 4, cerca de un hermoso acebo aislado, encontramos unos restos de empedrado que indican que así fue.
  • Km. 4.2 Punto 5 Llegamos al Collado Nava del Rey (también cordel de ganados) a 1.389 m, la pista forestal asfaltada conduce a Valsaín y al Pinar de La Acebeda. Vemos bien el camino por donde discurrió la Calzada, el cual asciende suavemente por la ladera Oeste del Alto de los Pájaros.
  • Km. 5.4 Punto 6 Siguiendo La Calzada, no vemos restos de empedrados, tal vez porque por aquí pudo ser un camino terrero, dejamos atrás los terrenos de pastizales y nos internamos en el espeso Pinar de La Acebeda hasta la Fuente de Los Pájaros. Desde su mirador cobertizo vemos una gran panorámica de La Mujer Muerta, el Montón de Trigo y el Pinar de La Acebeda (por donde ahora discurre la Calzada).
  • Km. 5.9 Punto 7 Pradera de San Leonardos, confluencia con la pista forestal asfaltada de la Cruz de La Gallega y Fuente de la Reina. Por aquí pasaba también la ruta de origen medieval que comunicaba las instalaciones reales de Valsaín y La Granja.
  • Km. 10.6 Punto 8 Continuamos por la ladera Occidental del cerro Pelado de La Camorquilla y La Camorca hasta la Pradera de la Fuenfría, donde existía la antigua Venta de la Fuenfría.
  • Km. 11.3 Punto 9 A 10 largo de 1 Km., la Calzada coincide con la pista forestal que nos conduce hasta la Fuente de la Reina, al pie del Montón de Trigo, modesta en cuanto al caudal, pero que no resta su importancia histórica. Esta fuente ha saciado a numerosos viajeros de la antigüedad. Confluyen aquí La Calzada romana, la Carretera de la República y la pista de la Fuente de la Reina, que desciende hasta el inicio de las 7 revueltas de la carretera al Puerto de Navacerrada.
  • Km. 12.2 Punto10 Seguimos de nuevo la Calzada hasta la plataforma donde se asientan las ruinas de la Casa Eraso o Venta de Casarás, que alojaba a los reyes y su corte. El lugar es un balcón excepcional donde se dominan el valle del Eresma (Pinar de Valsaín) y el del Río Frío (Pinar de la Acebeda), Siete Picos y el techo de la Sierra del Guadarrama: El macizo del pico del Peñalara (2.429 m) al NE.
  • Km. 13.8 Punto 11 En estas cotas más altas, cercanas al puerto, aumentan los restos conservados. La calzada mantiene una anchura de 6-7m, con firme construido por un enlosado de grandes bloques de granito y gneis, muros de contención lateral y sistemas de drenaje.
  • Km. 14.8 Puerto de la Fuenfría (1.796 m) Paso entre el Cerro Minguete y el Montón de Trigo al O, y el Cerro Ventoso y Siete Picos al E:. La Calzada desciende vertiginosamente a Cercedilla, el Camino schmidt (con la fuente que da nombre al paso a 200 m) nos conduce II Puerto de Navacerrada; la Senda del Infante se dirige al Puerto de Guadarrama. Todos ellos caminos de nuevas excursiones.

Pueblos cercanos:

  • La Granja de San Ildefonso.
  • Valsaín.

DESCARGAR LA RUTA EN 3D - FORMATO DE GOOGLE EARTH

  1. Descargar el archivo KML y guardar.
  2. Hacer doble clic sobre el archivo y se despliega la ruta en 3D *(Es necesario tener instalado el programa)

google
DESCARGAR RUTA GOOGLE EARTH
(Es necesario tener instalado el programa)
DESCARGAR RUTA PARA GPS - FORMATO GPX (GARMIN) - ( descomprimir)

DESCARGAR INFORMACIÓN

 

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